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Herb Partial Shade OK Frequent water

Cardamom

Written by the GrowByCity Editorial Team · Updated April 2026
2 min read

Expensive tropical spice. A warmth-loving plant that does best between 22°C and 30°C, cardamom adapts well to tropical and subtropical conditions but cannot tolerate frost. It needs partial shade, though it appreciates some direct light and frequent watering — it is a thirsty plant that dislikes dry soil — leaves are ready for picking in about 730-1095 days. Valued in cuisines worldwide, it is easy to grow and rewards regular harvesting with bushier, more productive plants.

Harvest 730-1095 days
Temp Range 15°C — 35°C

Quick Answer: How to Grow Cardamom

Cardamom takes 730-1095 days to harvest. It grows best in 22–30°C with partial shade ok and frequent watering. Cardamom is not frost tolerant — wait until after the last frost to plant. It can be grown in 350 cities worldwide.

Find the best time to plant Cardamom in your city →

Growing Requirements

☀️
Sun
Partial Shade OK
💧
Water
Frequent
❄️
Frost
Sensitive
📅
Harvest
730-1095 days

Temperature Range

22-30°C
-10°C 45°C
Optimal: 22–30°C Tolerates: 15–35°C
Tropical suitable: Yes
Cities growing: 350 of 350

Growing Tips

💡

Expert Tips

Needs shade, humidity, and warmth. Very slow to produce pods. Wait until soil warms to at least 22°C before transplanting outdoors — cold soil stunts growth and can invite root rot. Consistent moisture is critical. Mulch with straw or compost to retain soil moisture and keep roots cool during hot weather.

Quick Facts

  • Grows in 350 of 350 cities
  • Available in 7 regions worldwide
  • Temperature range: 15°C to 35°C
  • Optimal growing: 22°C to 30°C
  • Harvest in 730-1095 days

Did You Know?

  • 🌱 Cardamom loves the heat! It thrives in tropical and subtropical climates year-round.

Step-by-Step Growing Guide

True cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) is a shade-loving, rhizomatous tropical perennial from the rainforest understory of the Western Ghats — it is one of the most demanding and slowest-producing spice crops for the home gardener. Plant divisions or rhizomes in a large container or sheltered outdoor bed in zones 10–12, in rich, moisture-retentive, well-drained soil with pH 5.5–6.8 and generous organic matter. Cardamom requires 50–75% shade (ideal under taller trees or 70% shade cloth), high humidity, and temperatures that never drop below 15°C. Water frequently — 2–3 times per week — never allowing the soil to dry. Feed with a balanced, slow-release fertilizer supplemented with magnesium (epsom salt drench monthly). Plants take 3–4 years to begin producing pods, which emerge from stolons at soil level — not on the main stems. In non-tropical climates, overwinter indoors in a very humid, bright location.

Common Pests & Problems

Katte disease (cardamom mosaic virus), transmitted by the banana aphid (Pentalonia nigronervosa), causes severe mosaic mottling on leaves and destroys yield — infected plants must be removed; control aphid populations with neem oil and avoid monoculture. Rhizome rot caused by Phytophthora meadii causes corm and rhizome collapse during wet conditions; improve drainage and apply copper-based fungicide preventively. Shoot fly (Formosina flavipes) is a pest of young shoots in South Asian cardamom plantations — maggots bore into the pseudostem causing dead hearts; inspect new growth weekly and remove damaged pseudostems.

Harvest & Storage

Harvest cardamom pods when they are plump and full but still green — over-ripe pods split open and lose seeds and aroma. The pods emerge near the ground on horizontal stolons. Pick by hand, harvesting only mature green pods and leaving smaller ones to develop. For dried cardamom, cure in a warm oven (50°C) or dehydrator until pods rattle. Store whole pods in an airtight container for up to 12 months — grinding releases volatile oils rapidly, so grind fresh as needed. Whole pods retain flavor far longer than pre-ground powder.

Popular Varieties

"Malabar" is the traditional wild-type variety from Kerala's forests — lower-yielding but with complex, floral, camphor-rich flavor considered the finest in world trade. "Mysore" variety was selected for higher yield and disease resistance — the dominant commercial planting type in India. "Vazhukka" is a hybrid variety developed for resistance to katte disease with improved yields — the recommended choice for modern cultivation. "Black Cardamom" (Amomum subulatum) is a different species entirely — larger pods with a smoky, cooling flavor used in South Asian savory cooking rather than sweets.

Where to Grow Cardamom

Cardamom can be grown in 350 cities across 7 regions worldwide

🌍

Europe

80 cities
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Asia

79 cities
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North America

78 cities
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Africa

39 cities
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South America

39 cities
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Oceania

19 cities
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Middle East

16 cities

🌍 Europe (80 cities)

City Level JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Aarhus, DK hard
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Amsterdam, NL hard
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Ankara, TR hard
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Antalya, TR hard
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Athens, GR hard
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Barcelona, ES hard
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Bari, IT hard
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Belgrade, RS hard
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Bergen, NO hard
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Berlin, DE hard
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Bilbao, ES hard
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Bologna, IT hard
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Bordeaux, FR hard
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Bratislava, SK hard
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Brussels, BE hard
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Bucharest, RO hard
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Budapest, HU hard
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Catania, IT hard
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Cologne, DE hard
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Copenhagen, DK hard
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Corfu, GR hard
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Cork, IE hard
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Dublin, IE hard
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Dubrovnik, HR hard
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Edinburgh, GB hard
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Florence, IT hard
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Frankfurt, DE hard
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Gdansk, PL hard
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Genoa, IT hard
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Glasgow, GB hard
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Gothenburg, SE hard
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Hamburg, DE hard
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Helsinki, FI hard
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Heraklion, GR hard
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Istanbul, TR hard
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Izmir, TR hard
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Krakow, PL hard
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Kyiv, UA hard
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Limassol, CY hard
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Lisbon, PT hard
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Ljubljana, SI hard
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London, GB hard
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Lyon, FR hard
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Madrid, ES hard
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Malaga, ES hard
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Marseille, FR hard
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Milan, IT hard
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Munich, DE hard
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Naples, IT hard
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Nice, FR hard
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Nicosia, CY hard
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Oslo, NO hard
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Palermo, IT hard
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Paris, FR hard
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Porto, PT hard
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Poznan, PL hard
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Prague, CZ hard
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Reykjavik, IS hard
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Riga, LV hard
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Rome, IT hard
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Seville, ES hard
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Sofia, BG hard
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Split, HR hard
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Stockholm, SE hard
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Strasbourg, FR hard
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Stuttgart, DE hard
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Tallinn, EE hard
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Thessaloniki, GR hard
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Tirana, AL hard
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Toulouse, FR hard
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Turin, IT hard
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Turku, FI hard
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Valencia, ES hard
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Valletta, MT hard
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Verona, IT hard
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Vienna, AT hard
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Vilnius, LT hard
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Warsaw, PL hard
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Zagreb, HR hard
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Zurich, CH hard
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🌏 Asia (79 cities)

City Level JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Ahmedabad, IN hard
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Almaty, KZ hard
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Bali, ID hard
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Bandung, ID hard
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Bangalore, IN hard
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Bangkok, TH hard
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Beijing, CN hard
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Busan, KR hard
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Cebu, PH hard
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Chandigarh, IN hard
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Chengdu, CN hard
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Chennai, IN hard
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Chiang Mai, TH hard
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Chittagong, BD hard
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Chongqing, CN hard
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Coimbatore, IN hard
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Colombo, LK hard
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Da Nang, VN hard
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Dalian, CN hard
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Davao, PH hard
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Delhi, IN hard
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Dhaka, BD hard
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Dharan, NP hard
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Fukuoka, JP hard
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Galle, LK hard
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Guangzhou, CN hard
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Hangzhou, CN hard
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Hanoi, VN hard
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Harbin, CN hard
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Ho Chi Minh City, VN hard
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Hong Kong, HK hard
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Hyderabad, IN hard
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Incheon, KR hard
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Indore, IN hard
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Islamabad, PK hard
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Jaipur, IN hard
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Jakarta, ID hard
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Jeju, KR hard
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Johor Bahru, MY hard
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Karachi, PK hard
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Kathmandu, NP hard
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Kochi, IN hard
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Kolkata, IN hard
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Kuala Lumpur, MY hard
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Kunming, CN hard
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Kyoto, JP hard
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Lahore, PK hard
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Lucknow, IN hard
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Manila, PH hard
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Mumbai, IN hard
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Nagoya, JP hard
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Nanjing, CN hard
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Nha Trang, VN hard
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Okinawa, JP hard
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Osaka, JP hard
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Pattaya, TH hard
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Penang, MY hard
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Phnom Penh, KH hard
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Pune, IN hard
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Sapporo, JP hard
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Seoul, KR hard
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Shanghai, CN hard
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Shenzhen, CN hard
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Siem Reap, KH hard
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Singapore, SG hard
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Surabaya, ID hard
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Surat, IN hard
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Taipei, TW hard
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Tashkent, UZ hard
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Tbilisi, GE hard
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Tokyo, JP hard
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Ulaanbaatar, MN hard
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Varanasi, IN hard
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Vientiane, LA hard
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Visakhapatnam, IN hard
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Wuhan, CN hard
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Xi'an, CN hard
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Xiamen, CN hard
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Yangon, MM hard
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🌎 North America (78 cities)

City Level JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Albuquerque, US hard
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Anchorage, US hard
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Atlanta, US hard
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Austin, US hard
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Baltimore, US hard
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Baton Rouge, US hard
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Boise, US hard
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Boston, US hard
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Bridgetown, BB hard
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Buffalo, US hard
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Calgary, CA hard
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Cancun, MX hard
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Charleston, US hard
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Charlotte, US hard
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Chattanooga, US hard
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Chicago, US hard
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Denver, US hard
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Des Moines, US hard
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Detroit, US hard
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Edmonton, CA hard
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El Paso, US hard
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Fargo, US hard
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Fresno, US hard
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Guadalajara, MX hard
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Halifax, CA hard
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Hartford, US hard
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Havana, CU hard
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Honolulu, US hard
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Houston, US hard
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Jacksonville, US hard
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Kansas City, US hard
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Kingston, JM hard
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Knoxville, US hard
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Las Vegas, US hard
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Little Rock, US hard
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Los Angeles, US hard
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Louisville, US hard
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Lubbock, US hard
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Madison, US hard
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Memphis, US hard
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Mexico City, MX hard
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Miami, US hard
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Milwaukee, US hard
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Minneapolis, US hard
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Monterrey, MX hard
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Montreal, CA hard
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Nashville, US hard
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New Orleans, US hard
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New York, US hard
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Oaxaca, MX hard
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Oklahoma City, US hard
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Omaha, US hard
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Ottawa, CA hard
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Panama City, PA hard
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Phoenix, US hard
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Pittsburgh, US hard
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Portland, US hard
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Puebla, MX hard
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Quebec City, CA hard
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Raleigh, US hard
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Richmond, US hard
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Sacramento, US hard
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Salt Lake City, US hard
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San Diego, US hard
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San Francisco, US hard
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San Jose, CR hard
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Santo Domingo, DO hard
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Saskatoon, CA hard
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Savannah, US hard
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Seattle, US hard
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Spokane, US hard
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St. Louis, US hard
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Tampa, US hard
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Toronto, CA hard
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Tucson, US hard
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Vancouver, CA hard
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Victoria, CA hard
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Winnipeg, CA hard
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🌍 Africa (39 cities)

City Level JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Abidjan, CI hard
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Accra, GH hard
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Addis Ababa, ET hard
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Algiers, DZ hard
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Antananarivo, MG hard
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Arusha, TZ hard
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Bamako, ML hard
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Bloemfontein, ZA hard
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Cairo, EG hard
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Cape Town, ZA hard
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Casablanca, MA hard
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Dakar, SN hard
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Dar es Salaam, TZ hard
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Douala, CM hard
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Durban, ZA hard
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Entebbe, UG hard
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Fez, MA hard
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Freetown, SL hard
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Harare, ZW hard
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Johannesburg, ZA hard
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Kampala, UG hard
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Kigali, RW hard
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Kinshasa, CD hard
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Lagos, NG hard
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Libreville, GA hard
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Lilongwe, MW hard
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Lome, TG hard
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Luanda, AO hard
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Lusaka, ZM hard
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Maputo, MZ hard
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Marrakech, MA hard
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Mombasa, KE hard
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Nairobi, KE hard
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Ouagadougou, BF hard
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Port Louis, MU hard
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Pretoria, ZA hard
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Tunis, TN hard
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Windhoek, NA hard
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Zanzibar, TZ hard
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🌎 South America (39 cities)

City Level JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Arequipa, PE hard
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Asuncion, PY hard
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Barranquilla, CO hard
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Belem, BR hard
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Bogota, CO hard
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Brasilia, BR hard
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Buenos Aires, AR hard
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Cali, CO hard
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Campinas, BR hard
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Caracas, VE hard
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Cartagena, CO hard
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Concepcion, CL hard
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Cordoba, AR hard
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Curitiba, BR hard
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Cusco, PE hard
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Fortaleza, BR hard
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Georgetown, GY hard
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Goiania, BR hard
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Guayaquil, EC hard
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La Paz, BO hard
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Lima, PE hard
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Manaus, BR hard
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Medellin, CO hard
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Mendoza, AR hard
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Montevideo, UY hard
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Paramaribo, SR hard
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Port of Spain, TT hard
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Porto Alegre, BR hard
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Quito, EC hard
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Recife, BR hard
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Rio de Janeiro, BR hard
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Rosario, AR hard
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Salvador, BR hard
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Santa Cruz, BO hard
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Santiago, CL hard
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Sao Paulo, BR hard
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Sucre, BO hard
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Trujillo, PE hard
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Valparaiso, CL hard
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🌊 Oceania (19 cities)

City Level JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Adelaide, AU hard
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Alice Springs, AU hard
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Auckland, NZ hard
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Brisbane, AU hard
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Cairns, AU hard
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Canberra, AU hard
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Christchurch, NZ hard
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Darwin, AU hard
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Dunedin, NZ hard
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Gold Coast, AU hard
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Hamilton, NZ hard
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Hobart, AU hard
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Melbourne, AU hard
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Noumea, NC hard
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Perth, AU hard
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Suva, FJ hard
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Sydney, AU hard
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Townsville, AU hard
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Wellington, NZ hard
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🕌 Middle East (16 cities)

City Level JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Abu Dhabi, AE hard
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Amman, JO hard
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Baghdad, IQ hard
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Beirut, LB hard
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Doha, QA hard
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Dubai, AE hard
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Erbil, IQ hard
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Jeddah, SA hard
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Kuwait City, KW hard
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Manama, BH hard
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Muscat, OM hard
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Riyadh, SA hard
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Sana'a, YE hard
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Tabriz, IR hard
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Tehran, IR hard
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Tel Aviv, IL hard
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When should I plant cardamom in my city?

The best time to plant cardamom depends on your local climate zone. It thrives in temperatures between 22°C and 30°C. Wait until after the last frost in your area. Check your city's planting calendar on GrowByCity for exact dates.

Can I grow cardamom in winter?

Cardamom is not frost tolerant and cannot survive winter outdoors in most temperate climates. In tropical areas (USDA Zones 10+), it may grow year-round.

Get Cardamom Seeds & Plants

Ready to start growing? Find Cardamom seeds and starter plants online.

Shop on Burpee Search on Amazon

People Also Search For

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Similar Growing Requirements

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Herb · Full Sun

15-28°C
🌿

Fennel

Herb · Full Sun

15-24°C
🌿

Ginger

Herb · Partial Shade OK

22-30°C
🌿

Lemongrass

Herb · Full Sun

22-32°C

Frequently Asked Questions about Cardamom

When should I plant cardamom?

The best time to plant cardamom depends on your local climate. Cardamom grows best in temperatures between 22°C and 30°C (can tolerate 15°C to 35°C). Cardamom is not frost tolerant, so wait until after the last frost in your area. Check your city's planting calendar on GrowByCity for exact planting months.

Can cardamom grow in tropical climates?

Yes! Cardamom can grow in tropical climates. It's successfully grown in tropical cities like Abidjan, Abu Dhabi, Accra. Cardamom requires partial shade ok and frequent watering.

How long does cardamom take to grow?

Cardamom typically takes 730-1095 days from planting to harvest. It requires partial shade ok and frequent watering. Needs shade, humidity, and warmth. Very slow to produce pods. Wait until soil warms to at least 22°C before transplanting outdoors — cold soil stunts growth and can invite root rot. Consistent moisture is critical. Mulch with straw or compost to retain soil moisture and keep roots cool during hot weather.

Find the Best Time to Plant Cardamom

See the planting calendar for Cardamom in these popular cities:

London, GBMumbai, INNew York, USParis, FRSingapore, SGSydney, AUTokyo, JPToronto, CA

Last updated: March 2026 · Climate data from NOAA, FAO, USDA

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