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Spice Full Sun Moderate water

Cayenne Pepper

Written by the GrowByCity Editorial Team · Updated April 2026
2 min read

Fiery hot pepper dried and ground into cayenne powder. A warmth-loving plant that does best between 22°C and 32°C, cayenne pepper adapts well to tropical and subtropical conditions but cannot tolerate frost. It needs full sun (6-8 hours of direct light daily) and moderate, even watering throughout the growing season — leaves are ready for picking in about 70-100 days. Fresh leaves from your own garden taste noticeably better than store-bought — and the plant practically grows itself.

Harvest 70-100 days
Temp Range 15°C — 38°C

Quick Answer: How to Grow Cayenne Pepper

Cayenne Pepper takes 70-100 days to harvest. It grows best in 22–32°C with full sun and moderate watering. Cayenne Pepper is not frost tolerant — wait until after the last frost to plant. It can be grown in 350 cities worldwide.

Find the best time to plant Cayenne Pepper in your city →

Growing Requirements

☀️
Sun
Full Sun
💧
Water
Moderate
❄️
Frost
Sensitive
📅
Harvest
70-100 days

Temperature Range

22-32°C
-10°C 45°C
Optimal: 22–32°C Tolerates: 15–38°C
Tropical suitable: Yes
Cities growing: 350 of 350

Growing Tips

💡

Expert Tips

Start indoors 10 weeks early. Let peppers turn full red before picking. Wait until soil warms to at least 22°C before transplanting outdoors — cold soil stunts growth and can invite root rot. Water steadily but avoid soggy soil. A 5-cm layer of organic mulch helps balance moisture and suppress weeds.

Quick Facts

  • Grows in 350 of 350 cities
  • Available in 7 regions worldwide
  • Temperature range: 15°C to 38°C
  • Optimal growing: 22°C to 32°C
  • Harvest in 70-100 days

Did You Know?

  • 🌱 Cayenne Pepper loves the heat! It thrives in tropical and subtropical climates year-round.
  • 🌱 Cayenne Pepper needs at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily for optimal growth.

Step-by-Step Growing Guide

Cayenne (Capsicum annuum 'Cayenne') demands heat, full sun, and a long growing season of 70–100 days. Start seeds indoors 8–10 weeks before the last frost date in a warm location — soil temperature for germination should be 80–90°F; use a heat mat. Transplant outdoors when nighttime temperatures consistently exceed 55°F. Plant in well-drained, fertile soil with a pH of 6.0–7.0. Space 18 inches apart. Water consistently during fruit set — 1–1.5 inches per week — but allow the top inch of soil to dry slightly between waterings. Inconsistent moisture causes blossom drop. Apply balanced fertilizer at planting and when first fruits are setting; switch to a low-nitrogen, high-phosphorus/potassium fertilizer during active fruiting to maximize yield. Cayenne is highly productive — a single plant in ideal conditions can yield hundreds of peppers. In short-season climates, use season extenders (row covers, plastic mulch) to add warmth.

Common Pests & Problems

Bacterial spot (Xanthomonas campestris) causes water-soaked lesions that turn dark brown on leaves and fruit in warm, wet weather — avoid overhead watering and apply copper-based bactericide at first sign; plant resistant varieties when available. Pepper weevils (Anthonomus eugenii) puncture developing fruits to lay eggs, causing premature fruit drop — remove and destroy dropped fruits daily and use kaolin clay barrier spray. Blossom drop occurs when temperatures exceed 90°F during flowering or when nights are cooler than 55°F — both extremes prevent fruit set; nothing can be done except managing timing. Phytophthora blight causes sudden wilting and dark water-soaked stem lesions — ensure drainage is excellent and rotate crops away from the Solanaceae family for at least 3 years.

Harvest & Storage

Harvest cayenne peppers at any stage — green when fully sized for mild heat, or fully red for maximum capsaicin and sweetest underlying flavor. For drying (the primary use of cayenne), allow peppers to turn fully red on the plant, then harvest and dry. String peppers into ristras using a needle and thread through the stem caps and hang in a warm, dry location with good airflow for 3–6 weeks. Alternatively, dry in a dehydrator at 125°F for 8–12 hours. Grind dried cayenne in a spice grinder to make your own cayenne powder. Store ground cayenne in airtight containers away from light; it remains potent for 2–3 years.

Popular Varieties

'Long Red Slim' is the standard cayenne type — 5–6 inch tapered fruits, 30,000–50,000 Scoville units, highly productive, and the reference for cayenne flavor. 'Charleston Hot' is a USDA-released open-pollinated selection with higher heat than standard cayenne (up to 100,000 SHU) and excellent disease resistance, particularly to tobacco etch virus. 'Golden Cayenne' produces yellow fruits that ripen to orange-red, offering the same heat with a slightly different flavor and visual interest. 'Ring of Fire' is an All-America Selection with upward-pointing fruits, compact habit ideal for container growing, and intense heat.

Where to Grow Cayenne Pepper

Cayenne Pepper can be grown in 350 cities across 7 regions worldwide

🌍

Europe

80 cities
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Asia

79 cities
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North America

78 cities
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Africa

39 cities
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South America

39 cities
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Oceania

19 cities
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Middle East

16 cities

🌍 Europe (80 cities)

City Level JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Aarhus, DK medium
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Amsterdam, NL medium
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Ankara, TR medium
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Antalya, TR medium
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Athens, GR medium
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Barcelona, ES medium
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Bari, IT medium
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Belgrade, RS medium
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Bergen, NO medium
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Berlin, DE medium
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Bilbao, ES medium
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Bologna, IT medium
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Bordeaux, FR medium
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Bratislava, SK medium
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Brussels, BE medium
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Bucharest, RO medium
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Budapest, HU medium
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Catania, IT medium
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Cologne, DE medium
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Copenhagen, DK medium
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Corfu, GR medium
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Cork, IE medium
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Dublin, IE medium
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Dubrovnik, HR medium
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Edinburgh, GB medium
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Florence, IT medium
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Frankfurt, DE medium
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Gdansk, PL medium
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Genoa, IT medium
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Glasgow, GB medium
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Gothenburg, SE medium
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Hamburg, DE medium
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Helsinki, FI medium
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Heraklion, GR medium
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Istanbul, TR medium
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Izmir, TR medium
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Krakow, PL medium
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Kyiv, UA medium
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Limassol, CY medium
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Lisbon, PT medium
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Ljubljana, SI medium
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London, GB medium
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Lyon, FR medium
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Madrid, ES medium
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Malaga, ES medium
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Marseille, FR medium
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Milan, IT medium
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Munich, DE medium
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Naples, IT medium
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Nice, FR medium
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Nicosia, CY medium
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Oslo, NO medium
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Palermo, IT medium
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Paris, FR medium
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Porto, PT medium
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Poznan, PL medium
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Prague, CZ medium
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Reykjavik, IS medium
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Riga, LV medium
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Rome, IT medium
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Seville, ES medium
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Sofia, BG medium
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Split, HR medium
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Stockholm, SE medium
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Strasbourg, FR medium
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Stuttgart, DE medium
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Tallinn, EE medium
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Thessaloniki, GR medium
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Tirana, AL medium
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Toulouse, FR medium
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Turin, IT medium
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Turku, FI medium
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Valencia, ES medium
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Valletta, MT medium
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Verona, IT medium
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Vienna, AT medium
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Vilnius, LT medium
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Warsaw, PL medium
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Zagreb, HR medium
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Zurich, CH medium
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🌏 Asia (79 cities)

City Level JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Ahmedabad, IN medium
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Almaty, KZ medium
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Bali, ID medium
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Bandung, ID medium
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Bangalore, IN medium
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Bangkok, TH medium
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Beijing, CN medium
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Busan, KR medium
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Cebu, PH medium
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Chandigarh, IN medium
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Chengdu, CN medium
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Chennai, IN medium
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Chiang Mai, TH medium
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Chittagong, BD medium
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Chongqing, CN medium
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Coimbatore, IN medium
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Colombo, LK medium
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Da Nang, VN medium
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Dalian, CN medium
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Davao, PH medium
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Delhi, IN medium
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Dhaka, BD medium
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Dharan, NP medium
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Fukuoka, JP medium
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Galle, LK medium
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Guangzhou, CN medium
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Hangzhou, CN medium
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Hanoi, VN medium
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Harbin, CN medium
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Ho Chi Minh City, VN medium
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Hong Kong, HK medium
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Hyderabad, IN medium
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Incheon, KR medium
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Indore, IN medium
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Islamabad, PK medium
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Jaipur, IN medium
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Jakarta, ID medium
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Jeju, KR medium
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Johor Bahru, MY medium
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Karachi, PK medium
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Kathmandu, NP medium
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Kochi, IN medium
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Kolkata, IN medium
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Kuala Lumpur, MY medium
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Kunming, CN medium
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Kyoto, JP medium
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Lahore, PK medium
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Lucknow, IN medium
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Manila, PH medium
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Mumbai, IN medium
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Nagoya, JP medium
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Nanjing, CN medium
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Nha Trang, VN medium
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Okinawa, JP medium
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Osaka, JP medium
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Pattaya, TH medium
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Penang, MY medium
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Phnom Penh, KH medium
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Pune, IN medium
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Sapporo, JP medium
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Seoul, KR medium
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Shanghai, CN medium
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Shenzhen, CN medium
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Siem Reap, KH medium
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Singapore, SG medium
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Surabaya, ID medium
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Surat, IN medium
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Taipei, TW medium
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Tashkent, UZ medium
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Tbilisi, GE medium
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Tokyo, JP medium
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Ulaanbaatar, MN medium
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Varanasi, IN medium
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Vientiane, LA medium
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Visakhapatnam, IN medium
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Wuhan, CN medium
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Xi'an, CN medium
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Xiamen, CN medium
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Yangon, MM medium
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🌎 North America (78 cities)

City Level JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Albuquerque, US medium
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Anchorage, US medium
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Atlanta, US medium
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Austin, US medium
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Baltimore, US medium
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Baton Rouge, US medium
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Boise, US medium
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Boston, US medium
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Bridgetown, BB medium
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Buffalo, US medium
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Calgary, CA medium
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Cancun, MX medium
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Charleston, US medium
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Charlotte, US medium
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Chattanooga, US medium
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Chicago, US medium
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Denver, US medium
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Des Moines, US medium
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Detroit, US medium
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Edmonton, CA medium
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El Paso, US medium
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Fargo, US medium
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Fresno, US medium
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Guadalajara, MX medium
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Halifax, CA medium
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Hartford, US medium
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Havana, CU medium
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Honolulu, US medium
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Houston, US medium
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Jacksonville, US medium
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Kansas City, US medium
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Kingston, JM medium
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Knoxville, US medium
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Las Vegas, US medium
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Little Rock, US medium
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Los Angeles, US medium
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Louisville, US medium
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Lubbock, US medium
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Madison, US medium
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Memphis, US medium
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Mexico City, MX medium
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Miami, US medium
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Milwaukee, US medium
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Minneapolis, US medium
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Monterrey, MX medium
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Montreal, CA medium
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Nashville, US medium
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New Orleans, US medium
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New York, US medium
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Oaxaca, MX medium
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Oklahoma City, US medium
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Omaha, US medium
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Ottawa, CA medium
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Panama City, PA medium
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Phoenix, US medium
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Pittsburgh, US medium
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Portland, US medium
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Puebla, MX medium
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Quebec City, CA medium
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Raleigh, US medium
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Richmond, US medium
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Sacramento, US medium
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Salt Lake City, US medium
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San Diego, US medium
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San Francisco, US medium
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San Jose, CR medium
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Santo Domingo, DO medium
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Saskatoon, CA medium
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Savannah, US medium
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Seattle, US medium
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Spokane, US medium
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St. Louis, US medium
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Tampa, US medium
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Toronto, CA medium
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Tucson, US medium
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Vancouver, CA medium
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Victoria, CA medium
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Winnipeg, CA medium
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🌍 Africa (39 cities)

City Level JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Abidjan, CI medium
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Accra, GH medium
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Addis Ababa, ET medium
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Algiers, DZ medium
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Antananarivo, MG medium
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Arusha, TZ medium
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Bamako, ML medium
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Bloemfontein, ZA medium
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Cairo, EG medium
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Cape Town, ZA medium
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Casablanca, MA medium
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Dakar, SN medium
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Dar es Salaam, TZ medium
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Douala, CM medium
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Durban, ZA medium
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Entebbe, UG medium
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Fez, MA medium
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Freetown, SL medium
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Harare, ZW medium
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Johannesburg, ZA medium
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Kampala, UG medium
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Kigali, RW medium
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Kinshasa, CD medium
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Lagos, NG medium
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Libreville, GA medium
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Lilongwe, MW medium
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Lome, TG medium
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Luanda, AO medium
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Lusaka, ZM medium
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Maputo, MZ medium
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Marrakech, MA medium
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Mombasa, KE medium
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Nairobi, KE medium
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Ouagadougou, BF medium
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Port Louis, MU medium
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Pretoria, ZA medium
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Tunis, TN medium
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Windhoek, NA medium
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Zanzibar, TZ medium
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🌎 South America (39 cities)

City Level JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Arequipa, PE medium
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Asuncion, PY medium
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Barranquilla, CO medium
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Belem, BR medium
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Bogota, CO medium
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Brasilia, BR medium
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Buenos Aires, AR medium
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Cali, CO medium
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Campinas, BR medium
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Caracas, VE medium
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Cartagena, CO medium
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Concepcion, CL medium
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Cordoba, AR medium
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Curitiba, BR medium
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Cusco, PE medium
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Fortaleza, BR medium
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Georgetown, GY medium
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Goiania, BR medium
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Guayaquil, EC medium
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La Paz, BO medium
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Lima, PE medium
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Manaus, BR medium
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Medellin, CO medium
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Mendoza, AR medium
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Montevideo, UY medium
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Paramaribo, SR medium
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Port of Spain, TT medium
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Porto Alegre, BR medium
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Quito, EC medium
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Recife, BR medium
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Rio de Janeiro, BR medium
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Rosario, AR medium
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Salvador, BR medium
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Santa Cruz, BO medium
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Santiago, CL medium
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Sao Paulo, BR medium
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Sucre, BO medium
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Trujillo, PE medium
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Valparaiso, CL medium
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🌊 Oceania (19 cities)

City Level JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Adelaide, AU medium
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Alice Springs, AU medium
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Auckland, NZ medium
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Brisbane, AU medium
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Cairns, AU medium
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Canberra, AU medium
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Christchurch, NZ medium
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Darwin, AU medium
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Dunedin, NZ medium
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Gold Coast, AU medium
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Hamilton, NZ medium
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Hobart, AU medium
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Melbourne, AU medium
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Noumea, NC medium
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Perth, AU medium
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Suva, FJ medium
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Sydney, AU medium
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Townsville, AU medium
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Wellington, NZ medium
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🕌 Middle East (16 cities)

City Level JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Abu Dhabi, AE medium
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Amman, JO medium
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Baghdad, IQ medium
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Beirut, LB medium
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Doha, QA medium
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Dubai, AE medium
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Erbil, IQ medium
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Jeddah, SA medium
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Kuwait City, KW medium
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Manama, BH medium
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Muscat, OM medium
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Riyadh, SA medium
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Sana'a, YE medium
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Tabriz, IR medium
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Tehran, IR medium
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Tel Aviv, IL medium
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When should I plant cayenne pepper in my city?

The best time to plant cayenne pepper depends on your local climate zone. It thrives in temperatures between 22°C and 32°C. Wait until after the last frost in your area. Check your city's planting calendar on GrowByCity for exact dates.

Can I grow cayenne pepper in winter?

Cayenne Pepper is not frost tolerant and cannot survive winter outdoors in most temperate climates. In tropical areas (USDA Zones 10+), it may grow year-round.

Get Cayenne Pepper Seeds & Plants

Ready to start growing? Find Cayenne Pepper seeds and starter plants online.

Shop on Burpee Search on Amazon

People Also Search For

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Similar Growing Requirements

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Pepper

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Cucumber

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Zucchini

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Frequently Asked Questions about Cayenne Pepper

When should I plant cayenne pepper?

The best time to plant cayenne pepper depends on your local climate. Cayenne Pepper grows best in temperatures between 22°C and 32°C (can tolerate 15°C to 38°C). Cayenne Pepper is not frost tolerant, so wait until after the last frost in your area. Check your city's planting calendar on GrowByCity for exact planting months.

Can cayenne pepper grow in tropical climates?

Yes! Cayenne Pepper can grow in tropical climates. It's successfully grown in tropical cities like Abidjan, Abu Dhabi, Accra. Cayenne Pepper requires full sun and moderate watering.

How long does cayenne pepper take to grow?

Cayenne Pepper typically takes 70-100 days from planting to harvest. It requires full sun and moderate watering. Start indoors 10 weeks early. Let peppers turn full red before picking. Wait until soil warms to at least 22°C before transplanting outdoors — cold soil stunts growth and can invite root rot. Water steadily but avoid soggy soil. A 5-cm layer of organic mulch helps balance moisture and suppress weeds.

Find the Best Time to Plant Cayenne Pepper

See the planting calendar for Cayenne Pepper in these popular cities:

London, GBMumbai, INNew York, USParis, FRSingapore, SGSydney, AUTokyo, JPToronto, CA

Last updated: March 2026 · Climate data from NOAA, FAO, USDA

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