Step-by-Step Growing Guide
Roses require deeply prepared soil — loosen to 18 inches and amend generously with compost and aged manure. Ideal soil pH is 6.0–6.5; use sulfur to lower or lime to raise pH as needed. For bare-root roses, plant in early spring while still dormant: dig a hole wide enough to spread roots naturally, form a cone of soil in the center, and drape roots over it with the bud union 1–2 inches below soil level in cold climates or at soil level in warm ones. Space hybrid teas 24–36 inches apart; shrub roses need 4–6 feet. Water deeply at planting and maintain 1–2 inches per week thereafter, always watering at the base — wet foliage invites black spot. Fertilize with a rose-specific or high-phosphorus fertilizer in early spring when growth begins, again after the first bloom flush, and for repeat bloomers every 4–6 weeks through summer. Stop feeding 6 weeks before first frost. Prune hybrid teas in late winter when forsythia blooms: remove dead canes, crossing canes, and reduce remaining canes by one-third to one-half.
