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Vegetable Full Sun Regular water

Broccoli

Written by the GrowByCity Editorial Team · Updated April 2026
2 min read

Cool-season brassica. Hardy enough to withstand light frosts down to -2°C, broccoli performs best when daytime temperatures stay between 10°C and 20°C. Give it full sun (6-8 hours of direct light daily) and regular watering to keep soil consistently moist, and expect to harvest in roughly 55-80 days. Popular with home gardeners for its reliable yields and straightforward growing requirements.

Harvest 55-80 days
Temp Range -2°C — 24°C
Frost Tolerant ❄

Quick Answer: How to Grow Broccoli

Broccoli takes 55-80 days to harvest. It grows best in 10–20°C with full sun and regular watering. Broccoli is frost tolerant and can handle temperatures down to -2°C. It can be grown in 350 cities worldwide.

Find the best time to plant Broccoli in your city →

Growing Requirements

☀️
Sun
Full Sun
💧
Water
Regular
❄️
Frost
Tolerant
📅
Harvest
55-80 days

Temperature Range

10-20°C
-10°C 45°C
Optimal: 10–20°C Tolerates: -2–24°C
Tropical suitable: No
Cities growing: 350 of 350

Growing Tips

💡

Expert Tips

Plant for spring or fall harvest. Heat causes bolting. Can be planted 2-3 weeks before the last expected frost, giving it a head start on the growing season. Aim for about 2.5 cm of water per week, adjusting for rainfall. Organic mulch around the base helps maintain even moisture.

Quick Facts

  • Grows in 350 of 350 cities
  • Available in 7 regions worldwide
  • Temperature range: -2°C to 24°C
  • Optimal growing: 10°C to 20°C
  • Harvest in 55-80 days

Did You Know?

  • 🌱 Broccoli is frost-tolerant, meaning it can survive light frosts and even thrive in cooler temperatures.
  • 🌱 Broccoli needs at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily for optimal growth.

Step-by-Step Growing Guide

Broccoli is a cool-season brassica that produces its best heads at steady temperatures of 7–18°C; both heat stress and severe frost (below -6°C) damage the developing head. Start indoors 6–8 weeks before transplanting for spring crops, or 10–12 weeks before first autumn frost for fall crops. Transplant to fertile, well-drained soil at pH 6.0–7.0 that has been amended with 8cm of compost and a balanced fertiliser (10-10-10) at 200g per square metre. Space plants 45–60cm apart in rows 60–90cm apart. Plant slightly deeper than the nursery pot to strengthen the stem. Water consistently — 2.5–4cm per week — as irregular moisture causes loose, poor-quality heads. Broccoli is a heavy nitrogen feeder: side-dress with ammonium nitrate or blood meal (60–80g per plant) 3 weeks after transplanting and again when the central head begins to form. Mulch to conserve moisture and moderate soil temperature.

Common Pests & Problems

Imported cabbageworm (Pieris rapae) is the most damaging pest — pale green caterpillars that devour leaves and contaminate heads. Apply Bt spray every 7 days; use insect mesh as a physical barrier. Clubroot (Plasmodiophora brassicae) causes swollen, distorted roots and progressive wilting — lime soil to pH 7.2+ to suppress it, and rotate brassicas on a 4-year minimum cycle. Cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae) clusters deep in the forming head — difficult to reach with sprays; blast with water jets and use reflective mulch to deter colonisation.

Harvest & Storage

Harvest the central head when it is fully developed and deep green, with flower buds tight and just beginning to show green colour. Do not wait for yellow flowers — once yellow appears, the head is past prime. Cut with a sharp knife 10–15cm below the head to allow side shoot development. After the main head is harvested, the plant produces numerous side shoots for 4–8 weeks — harvest these when 5–10cm in diameter. Store at 0–1°C with high humidity for up to 7 days; use as fresh as possible for peak nutrition.

Popular Varieties

Calabrese Green Sprouting is the classic Italian broccoli — a prolific side-shooter producing a medium central head followed by months of tender lateral shoots. Belstar is a high-performance hybrid with large, domed, blue-green heads and exceptional bolt resistance — reliable in both spring and autumn. Romanesco is a striking Italian heirloom producing a spiral, chartreuse-green fractal head with a nutty, delicate flavour. Waltham 29 is a late-season, cold-hardy variety with small to medium blue-green heads — excellent for fall harvest and overwinter production in mild climates.

Companion Plants for Broccoli

✓ Good Companions

These plants grow well alongside Broccoli:

CeleryOnionPotatoChamomile

✗ Avoid Planting Near

Keep these plants away from Broccoli:

StrawberryTomato

Learn more about companion planting.

Where to Grow Broccoli

Broccoli can be grown in 350 cities across 7 regions worldwide

🌍

Europe

80 cities
🌏

Asia

79 cities
🌎

North America

78 cities
🌍

Africa

39 cities
🌎

South America

39 cities
🌊

Oceania

19 cities
🕌

Middle East

16 cities

🌍 Europe (80 cities)

City Level JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Aarhus, DK medium
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Amsterdam, NL medium
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Ankara, TR medium
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Antalya, TR medium
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Athens, GR medium
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Barcelona, ES medium
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Bari, IT medium
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Belgrade, RS medium
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Bergen, NO medium
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Berlin, DE medium
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Bilbao, ES medium
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Bologna, IT medium
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Bordeaux, FR medium
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Bratislava, SK medium
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Brussels, BE medium
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Bucharest, RO medium
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Budapest, HU medium
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Catania, IT medium
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Cologne, DE medium
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Copenhagen, DK medium
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Corfu, GR medium
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Cork, IE medium
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Dublin, IE medium
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Dubrovnik, HR medium
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Edinburgh, GB medium
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Florence, IT medium
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Frankfurt, DE medium
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Gdansk, PL medium
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Genoa, IT medium
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Glasgow, GB medium
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Gothenburg, SE medium
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Hamburg, DE medium
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Helsinki, FI medium
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Heraklion, GR medium
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Istanbul, TR medium
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Izmir, TR medium
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Krakow, PL medium
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Kyiv, UA medium
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Limassol, CY medium
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Lisbon, PT medium
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Ljubljana, SI medium
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London, GB medium
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Lyon, FR medium
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Madrid, ES medium
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Malaga, ES medium
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Marseille, FR medium
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Milan, IT medium
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Munich, DE medium
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Naples, IT medium
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Nice, FR medium
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Nicosia, CY medium
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Oslo, NO medium
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Palermo, IT medium
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Paris, FR medium
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Porto, PT medium
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Poznan, PL medium
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Prague, CZ medium
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Reykjavik, IS medium
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Riga, LV medium
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Rome, IT medium
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Seville, ES medium
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Sofia, BG medium
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Split, HR medium
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Stockholm, SE medium
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Strasbourg, FR medium
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Stuttgart, DE medium
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Tallinn, EE medium
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Thessaloniki, GR medium
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Tirana, AL medium
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Toulouse, FR medium
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Turin, IT medium
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Turku, FI medium
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Valencia, ES medium
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Valletta, MT medium
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Verona, IT medium
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Vienna, AT medium
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Vilnius, LT medium
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Warsaw, PL medium
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Zagreb, HR medium
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Zurich, CH medium
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🌏 Asia (79 cities)

City Level JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Ahmedabad, IN medium
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Almaty, KZ medium
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Bali, ID medium
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Bandung, ID medium
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Bangalore, IN medium
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Bangkok, TH medium
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Beijing, CN medium
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Busan, KR medium
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Cebu, PH medium
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Chandigarh, IN medium
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Chengdu, CN medium
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Chennai, IN medium
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Chiang Mai, TH medium
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Chittagong, BD medium
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Chongqing, CN medium
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Coimbatore, IN medium
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Colombo, LK medium
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Da Nang, VN medium
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Dalian, CN medium
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Davao, PH medium
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Delhi, IN medium
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Dhaka, BD medium
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Dharan, NP medium
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Fukuoka, JP medium
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Galle, LK medium
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Guangzhou, CN medium
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Hangzhou, CN medium
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Hanoi, VN medium
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Harbin, CN medium
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Ho Chi Minh City, VN medium
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Hong Kong, HK medium
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Hyderabad, IN medium
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Incheon, KR medium
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Indore, IN medium
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Islamabad, PK medium
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Jaipur, IN medium
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Jakarta, ID medium
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Jeju, KR medium
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Johor Bahru, MY medium
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Karachi, PK medium
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Kathmandu, NP medium
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Kochi, IN medium
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Kolkata, IN medium
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Kuala Lumpur, MY medium
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Kunming, CN medium
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Kyoto, JP medium
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Lahore, PK medium
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Lucknow, IN medium
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Manila, PH medium
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Mumbai, IN medium
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Nagoya, JP medium
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Nanjing, CN medium
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Nha Trang, VN medium
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Okinawa, JP medium
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Osaka, JP medium
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Pattaya, TH medium
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Penang, MY medium
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Phnom Penh, KH medium
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Pune, IN medium
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Sapporo, JP medium
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Seoul, KR medium
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Shanghai, CN medium
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Shenzhen, CN medium
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Siem Reap, KH medium
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Singapore, SG medium
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Surabaya, ID medium
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Surat, IN medium
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Taipei, TW medium
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Tashkent, UZ medium
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Tbilisi, GE medium
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Tokyo, JP medium
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Ulaanbaatar, MN medium
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Varanasi, IN medium
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Vientiane, LA medium
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Visakhapatnam, IN medium
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Wuhan, CN medium
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Xi'an, CN medium
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Xiamen, CN medium
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Yangon, MM medium
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🌎 North America (78 cities)

City Level JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Albuquerque, US medium
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Anchorage, US medium
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Atlanta, US medium
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Austin, US medium
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Baltimore, US medium
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Baton Rouge, US medium
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Boise, US medium
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Boston, US medium
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Bridgetown, BB medium
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Buffalo, US medium
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Calgary, CA medium
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Cancun, MX medium
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Charleston, US medium
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Charlotte, US medium
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Chattanooga, US medium
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Chicago, US medium
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Denver, US medium
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Des Moines, US medium
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Detroit, US medium
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Edmonton, CA medium
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El Paso, US medium
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Fargo, US medium
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Fresno, US medium
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Guadalajara, MX medium
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Halifax, CA medium
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Hartford, US medium
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Havana, CU medium
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Honolulu, US medium
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Houston, US medium
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Jacksonville, US medium
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Kansas City, US medium
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Kingston, JM medium
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Knoxville, US medium
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Las Vegas, US medium
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Little Rock, US medium
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Los Angeles, US medium
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Louisville, US medium
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Lubbock, US medium
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Madison, US medium
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Memphis, US medium
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Mexico City, MX medium
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Miami, US medium
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Milwaukee, US medium
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Minneapolis, US medium
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Monterrey, MX medium
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Montreal, CA medium
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Nashville, US medium
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New Orleans, US medium
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New York, US medium
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Oaxaca, MX medium
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Oklahoma City, US medium
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Omaha, US medium
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Ottawa, CA medium
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Panama City, PA medium
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Phoenix, US medium
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Pittsburgh, US medium
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Portland, US medium
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Puebla, MX medium
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Quebec City, CA medium
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Raleigh, US medium
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Richmond, US medium
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Sacramento, US medium
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Salt Lake City, US medium
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San Diego, US medium
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San Francisco, US medium
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San Jose, CR medium
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Santo Domingo, DO medium
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Saskatoon, CA medium
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Savannah, US medium
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Seattle, US medium
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Spokane, US medium
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St. Louis, US medium
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Tampa, US medium
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Toronto, CA medium
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Tucson, US medium
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Vancouver, CA medium
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Victoria, CA medium
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Winnipeg, CA medium
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🌍 Africa (39 cities)

City Level JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Abidjan, CI medium
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Accra, GH medium
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Addis Ababa, ET medium
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Algiers, DZ medium
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Antananarivo, MG medium
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Arusha, TZ medium
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Bamako, ML medium
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Bloemfontein, ZA medium
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Cairo, EG medium
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Cape Town, ZA medium
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Casablanca, MA medium
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Dakar, SN medium
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Dar es Salaam, TZ medium
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Douala, CM medium
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Durban, ZA medium
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Entebbe, UG medium
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Fez, MA medium
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Freetown, SL medium
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Harare, ZW medium
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Johannesburg, ZA medium
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Kampala, UG medium
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Kigali, RW medium
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Kinshasa, CD medium
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Lagos, NG medium
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Libreville, GA medium
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Lilongwe, MW medium
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Lome, TG medium
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Luanda, AO medium
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Lusaka, ZM medium
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Maputo, MZ medium
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Marrakech, MA medium
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Mombasa, KE medium
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Nairobi, KE medium
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Ouagadougou, BF medium
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Port Louis, MU medium
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Pretoria, ZA medium
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Tunis, TN medium
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Windhoek, NA medium
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Zanzibar, TZ medium
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🌎 South America (39 cities)

City Level JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Arequipa, PE medium
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Asuncion, PY medium
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Barranquilla, CO medium
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Belem, BR medium
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Bogota, CO medium
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Brasilia, BR medium
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Buenos Aires, AR medium
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Cali, CO medium
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Campinas, BR medium
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Caracas, VE medium
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Cartagena, CO medium
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Concepcion, CL medium
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Cordoba, AR medium
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Curitiba, BR medium
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Cusco, PE medium
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Fortaleza, BR medium
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Georgetown, GY medium
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Goiania, BR medium
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Guayaquil, EC medium
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La Paz, BO medium
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Lima, PE medium
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Manaus, BR medium
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Medellin, CO medium
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Mendoza, AR medium
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Montevideo, UY medium
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Paramaribo, SR medium
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Port of Spain, TT medium
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Porto Alegre, BR medium
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Quito, EC medium
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Recife, BR medium
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Rio de Janeiro, BR medium
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Rosario, AR medium
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Salvador, BR medium
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Santa Cruz, BO medium
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Santiago, CL medium
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Sao Paulo, BR medium
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Sucre, BO medium
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Trujillo, PE medium
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Valparaiso, CL medium
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🌊 Oceania (19 cities)

City Level JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Adelaide, AU medium
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Alice Springs, AU medium
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Auckland, NZ medium
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Brisbane, AU medium
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Cairns, AU medium
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Canberra, AU medium
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Christchurch, NZ medium
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Darwin, AU medium
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Dunedin, NZ medium
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Gold Coast, AU medium
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Hamilton, NZ medium
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Hobart, AU medium
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Melbourne, AU medium
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Noumea, NC medium
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Perth, AU medium
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Suva, FJ medium
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Sydney, AU medium
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Townsville, AU medium
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Wellington, NZ medium
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🕌 Middle East (16 cities)

City Level JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Abu Dhabi, AE medium
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Amman, JO medium
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Baghdad, IQ medium
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Beirut, LB medium
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Doha, QA medium
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Dubai, AE medium
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Erbil, IQ medium
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Jeddah, SA medium
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Kuwait City, KW medium
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Manama, BH medium
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Muscat, OM medium
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Riyadh, SA medium
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Sana'a, YE medium
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Tabriz, IR medium
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Tehran, IR medium
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Tel Aviv, IL medium
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✓
✓
✓

When should I plant broccoli in my city?

The best time to plant broccoli depends on your local climate zone. It thrives in temperatures between 10°C and 20°C. Since broccoli is frost tolerant, you can plant it before the last frost date. Check your city's planting calendar on GrowByCity for exact dates.

Can I grow broccoli in winter?

Yes, broccoli is frost tolerant and can handle temperatures down to -2°C. In many climates, it can be grown through winter with some protection.

Get Broccoli Seeds & Plants

Ready to start growing? Find Broccoli seeds and starter plants online.

Shop on Burpee Search on Amazon

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Similar Growing Requirements

🥬

Tomato

Vegetable · Full Sun

18-27°C
🥬

Lettuce

Vegetable · Partial Shade OK

10-20°C
🥬

Carrot

Vegetable · Full Sun

15-24°C
🥬

Zucchini

Vegetable · Full Sun

18-27°C
🥬

Spinach

Vegetable · Partial Shade OK

5-18°C
🥬

Kale

Vegetable · Full Sun to Partial Shade

5-20°C

Frequently Asked Questions about Broccoli

When should I plant broccoli?

The best time to plant broccoli depends on your local climate. Broccoli grows best in temperatures between 10°C and 20°C (can tolerate -2°C to 24°C). Broccoli is frost tolerant, so it can be planted earlier in spring or later in fall. Check your city's planting calendar on GrowByCity for exact planting months.

Can broccoli grow in tropical climates?

Broccoli is not well-suited for tropical climates. It prefers cooler conditions with temperatures between 10°C and 20°C. In tropical areas, it may bolt, fail to fruit, or suffer from heat stress. Consider growing it in cooler seasons or at higher elevations.

How long does broccoli take to grow?

Broccoli typically takes 55-80 days from planting to harvest. It requires full sun and regular watering. Plant for spring or fall harvest. Heat causes bolting. Can be planted 2-3 weeks before the last expected frost, giving it a head start on the growing season. Aim for about 2.5 cm of water per week, adjusting for rainfall. Organic mulch around the base helps maintain even moisture.

Find the Best Time to Plant Broccoli

See the planting calendar for Broccoli in these popular cities:

London, GBMumbai, INNew York, USParis, FRSingapore, SGSydney, AUTokyo, JPToronto, CA

Last updated: March 2026 · Climate data from NOAA, FAO, USDA

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