Cold-Hardy Vegetables That Survive Frost
These 117 plants tolerate freezing temperatures, letting you extend your growing season into fall and winter.
Black Currant
FruitIntensely flavored berry for jams, syrups, and cassis liqueur. Very cold-hardy.
Cranberry
FruitTart bog berry for sauces and juices. Low-growing evergreen groundcover.
Lilac
FlowerBeloved spring-blooming shrub with intensely fragrant flower clusters.
Wintergreen
HerbLow-growing evergreen with minty leaves and red berries. Classic winter flavor.
Yarrow
FlowerTough perennial with flat flower clusters. Medicinal herb and pollinator magnet.
Asparagus
VegetablePerennial crop that produces for 20+ years. Worth the 2-3 year wait to first harvest.
Blueberry
FruitAcid-loving berry bush. Needs acidic soil (pH 4.5-5.5). Beautiful fall foliage.
Elderberry
FruitHardy shrub with immune-boosting berries for syrups, jams, and wine.
Gooseberry
FruitTart berry bush perfect for jams and pies. Very cold-hardy. Thorny stems.
Hellebore
FlowerChristmas/Lenten rose -- blooms in late winter when nothing else does. Evergreen.
Hops
HerbVigorous climbing vine essential for brewing beer. Cones have sedative properties.
Horseradish
VegetablePungent root condiment. Extremely hardy perennial that can become invasive.
Lupine
FlowerTall spikes of pea-like flowers in stunning colors. Fixes nitrogen in soil.
Mulberry
FruitHardy fruit tree with sweet-tart berries. Birds love them -- net to protect harvest.
Pear
FruitLong-lived fruit tree. Pick before fully ripe and ripen indoors. Asian and European types.
Plum
FruitAdaptable stone fruit. European plums for eating fresh, Japanese for cooking.
Ramps
VegetableWild leek -- prized spring ephemeral with garlicky flavor. Gourmet delicacy.
Raspberry
FruitDelicate, flavorful berry. Everbearing types produce summer and fall crops.
Rhubarb
VegetablePerennial with tart edible stalks for pies and jams. Leaves are toxic.
Sweet Woodruff
HerbShade-loving groundcover with vanilla-scented leaves. Used in May wine.
Tiger Lily
FlowerBold orange spotted lily. Extremely hardy bulb that naturalizes easily.
Tulip
FlowerIconic spring bulb in every color. Over 3,000 registered varieties.
Wisteria
FlowerSpectacular cascading flower clusters on woody vine. Intensely fragrant.
Bamboo
HerbFastest-growing plant on earth. Clumping types for privacy screens.
Blackberry
FruitVigorous bramble fruit. Thornless varieties available. Very productive once established.
Catnip
HerbMint-family herb that drives cats wild. Also makes a calming tea for humans.
Chive
HerbHardy perennial allium. Mild onion flavor. Purple pom-pom flowers are edible.
Clover
HerbNitrogen-fixing cover crop and lawn alternative. Flowers are edible.
Comfrey
HerbDeep-rooted herb used as compost activator and mulch. Powerful nutrient accumulator.
Dandelion
VegetableUnderrated superfood green. Entire plant is edible -- leaves, roots, flowers.
Foxglove
FlowerTall, stately biennial with tubular flowers. Source of heart medicine digitalis.
Garlic
VegetablePlant in fall, harvest in summer. Needs cold period for bulb formation.
Goji Berry
FruitSuperfruit shrub producing small red berries packed with antioxidants.
Grape
FruitVigorous climbing vine. Table grapes, wine grapes, and muscadines for warm areas.
Hyssop
HerbAncient medicinal herb with blue flower spikes. Attracts pollinators.
Jujube
FruitChinese date -- sweet, date-like fruit on extremely drought-tolerant tree.
Lovage
HerbTall perennial herb with intense celery flavor. One plant feeds a family.
Nectarine
FruitSmooth-skinned peach relative. Needs winter chill hours for fruit production.
Peach
FruitBeloved stone fruit with fuzzy skin and sweet juicy flesh. Needs winter chill.
Persimmon
FruitBeautiful ornamental fruit tree. American and Asian varieties. Sweet when fully ripe.
Poppy
FlowerDelicate crepe-paper flowers. Ornamental varieties include California, Shirley, and Iceland poppies.
Rose
FlowerThe queen of flowers. Thousands of varieties. Fragrant blooms.
Sorrel
HerbTangy, lemony perennial green. French sorrel is milder than garden sorrel.
Boysenberry
FruitLarge, dark berry -- a cross of raspberry, blackberry, and loganberry. Intense flavor.
Chrysanthemum
FlowerFall-blooming perennial in every color.
Kale
VegetableExtremely cold-hardy superfood. Flavor actually improves after frost.
Kiwi
FruitVigorous vine producing fuzzy brown fruit. Hardy kiwi varieties for cold climates.
Lavender
HerbDrought-tolerant Mediterranean herb. Fragrant flowers attract pollinators.
Lemon Balm
HerbLemony mint-family herb for teas and cooking.
Oregano
HerbMediterranean perennial herb. More flavorful when dried than fresh.
Pansy
FlowerCheerful cool-season flower with face-like markings. Edible flowers.
Pennyroyal
HerbCreeping mint-family herb used as natural insect repellent. Strong minty scent.
Rutabaga
VegetableSweet root vegetable -- cross between cabbage and turnip. Excellent stored for winter.
Saffron
SpiceWorld's most expensive spice. Purple crocus flowers with red stigmas harvested by hand.
Sage
HerbWoody perennial herb. Silver-green leaves with earthy, savory flavor.
Salsify
VegetableOyster plant -- root tastes like oysters when cooked. Forgotten heirloom vegetable.
Savory
HerbPeppery herb in two forms: summer savory (annual) and winter savory (perennial).
Strawberry
FruitPerennial fruit that produces for years. Nothing beats homegrown strawberries.
Tarragon
HerbFrench tarragon has anise flavor essential to French cuisine.
Tatsoi
VegetableAsian rosette green with spoon-shaped leaves. Mild mustard flavor.
Thyme
HerbHardy Mediterranean herb. Low-growing ground cover with tiny aromatic leaves.
Olive
FruitAncient Mediterranean tree. Drought-tolerant once established. Lives centuries.
Artichoke
VegetableStunning architectural plant. Perennial in mild climates. Edible flower buds.
Bay Laurel
HerbEvergreen tree producing aromatic bay leaves essential in soups and stews.
Borage
HerbBlue star flowers taste like cucumber. Excellent bee plant and companion.
Brussels Sprouts
VegetableCold-hardy brassica that sweetens after frost. Long growing season required.
Calendula
FlowerBright orange/yellow medicinal flower. Petals are edible and used in salves.
Celeriac
VegetableCelery root -- knobby root with intense celery flavor. Great for soups and purees.
Chamomile
FlowerDaisy-like flowers used for soothing tea.
Chervil
HerbDelicate French herb with mild anise flavor. One of the four fines herbes.
Chicory
VegetableBitter green used in salads. Root can be roasted as coffee substitute.
Collard Greens
VegetableSouthern staple green that handles both heat and cold better than most brassicas.
Fig
FruitAncient fruit tree. Can be grown in containers. Sweet, honey-flavored fruit.
Flax
GrainDual-purpose crop: seeds for omega-3 oil, stems for linen fiber. Blue flowers.
Kumquat
FruitTiny citrus eaten whole -- sweet skin with tart flesh. Most cold-hardy citrus.
Leek
VegetableMild, sweet allium. Hardy enough to overwinter in many climates.
Mint
HerbVigorous herb that spreads aggressively. Best grown in containers.
Mizuna
VegetableJapanese mustard green with feathery leaves and mild, peppery flavor.
Nigella
FlowerLove-in-a-mist -- delicate blue flowers with feathery foliage and ornamental seed pods.
Parsley
HerbBiennial herb -- grows leaves year one, flowers year two. Flat-leaf has more flavor.
Parsnip
VegetableSweet root vegetable that needs cold to develop flavor. Slow to germinate.
Passion Flower
FlowerExotic, intricate flowers on vigorous vine. Some varieties produce edible fruit.
Pomegranate
FruitAncient fruit with ruby seeds (arils). Drought-tolerant once established.
Radicchio
VegetableBitter Italian chicory with stunning red leaves and white ribs. Grilled or in salads.
Rosemary
HerbMediterranean woody herb. Drought-tolerant once established. Fragrant evergreen.
Shallot
VegetableGourmet allium with delicate, complex flavor. Multiplies from single bulb.
Snapdragon
FlowerTall, colorful spikes. Cool-season flower that kids love to pinch open.
Spinach
VegetableNutrient-dense cool-season green. One of the first crops you can plant in spring.
Tea Plant
HerbCamellia sinensis -- source of all true tea (green, black, oolong, white).
Verbena
FlowerClusters of small flowers in vivid colors. Excellent for containers and borders.
Broccoli
VegetableCool-season brassica. Harvest main head, then enjoy side shoots for weeks.
Cabbage
VegetableVersatile cool-season crop. Stores well for months after harvest.
Endive
VegetableBitter salad green with curly leaves. Blanching reduces bitterness.
Green Onion
VegetableQuick-growing allium. Regrows from roots after cutting. Perfect windowsill crop.
Onion
VegetableLong-season crop. Choose short-day varieties for southern latitudes, long-day for northern.
Pea
VegetableCool-season climber. One of the earliest spring crops. Kids love picking them.
Quinoa
GrainAndean pseudocereal -- complete protein grain. Beautiful seed heads in red, gold, or white.
Snap Pea
VegetableSweet, crunchy pods eaten whole. Perfect cool-season snack straight from the vine.
Sweet Pea Flower
FlowerIntensely fragrant climbing flower.
Swiss Chard
VegetableColorful, heat-tolerant green related to beets. Beautiful rainbow stems.
Turnip
VegetableFast-growing root vegetable. Both roots and greens are edible and nutritious.
Bok Choy
VegetableFast-growing Asian green. Crunchy stalks and tender leaves. Great in stir-fries.
Broccolini
VegetableHybrid of broccoli and Chinese broccoli. Long tender stems with small florets.
Cauliflower
VegetableDemanding but rewarding brassica. Needs consistent cool temps for tight heads.
Chinese Cabbage
VegetableNapa cabbage with mild, sweet flavor. Essential for kimchi and stir-fries.
Cress
VegetableFastest food crop -- ready in a week. Peppery sprouts for salads and sandwiches.
Kohlrabi
VegetableUnusual-looking brassica with sweet, crisp flesh. Edible raw or cooked.
Mustard Greens
VegetableSpicy, peppery greens that grow fast in cool weather. Many colorful varieties.
Romanesco
VegetableFractal-patterned brassica -- stunning chartreuse spiraling florets.
Watercress
VegetablePeppery aquatic green. Can grow in shallow running water or very moist soil.
Arugula
VegetablePeppery salad green that grows fast in cool weather. A staple of Mediterranean cuisine.
Beet
VegetableDual-purpose root vegetable -- eat both roots and nutritious greens.
Cilantro
HerbCool-season herb essential in Mexican, Indian, and Thai cooking. Bolts quickly in heat.
Dill
HerbFeathery herb essential for pickles, fish, and Scandinavian cooking.
Lettuce
VegetableCool-season crop perfect for spring and fall. Bolts (goes to seed) in heat.
Radish
VegetableThe fastest vegetable -- harvest in as little as 3 weeks. Perfect for beginners.
Carrot
VegetableRoot vegetable that sweetens after a light frost. Needs loose, stone-free soil.
Frequently Asked Questions
What vegetables can survive frost?
Many vegetables can survive light frost (down to -2°C/28°F). Kale, spinach, collard greens, Brussels sprouts, carrots, parsnips, and turnips are among the hardiest. Some, like kale and Brussels sprouts, actually taste sweeter after a frost because cold converts starches to sugars.
When should I plant cold-hardy vegetables?
Cold-hardy crops can be planted 4-6 weeks before your last spring frost date, and again in late summer for a fall harvest. In mild climates (USDA Zones 7-9), many of these crops can be grown through winter. Use GrowByCity to find your city's frost dates for precise timing.
Do I need to protect cold-hardy plants from frost?
Most frost-tolerant plants handle light frost (down to -4°C) without protection. For hard freezes (below -7°C), use row covers, cold frames, or mulch around the base of plants. Root vegetables like carrots and parsnips can be left in the ground and mulched heavily for winter harvest.
Can I grow vegetables in winter?
Yes, in many climates. Cold-hardy greens (kale, spinach, lettuce) grow in unheated greenhouses or cold frames even in cold climates. In USDA Zones 7-9, many cool-season crops grow outdoors through winter. Root vegetables planted in fall can be harvested all winter with mulch protection.